Hydraulic pump



Sept 7, 1954 M. D. BuRRow ErAL 2,688,287

HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed 0017. 30, 1951 Patented Sept. 7, 1954 HYDRAULIC PUMP Milford D. Burrows, Stanley Z. Siwek, and Harry Goldberg, Chicago, Ill., assignors to Pioneer Gen-E-Motor Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application October 30, 1951, Serial No. 253,875

'7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic pumps, to be used, for example, in internal combustion engines. It has for one object to provide an oil or other hydraulic pump which is eicient and at the same time compact in structure.

Another object is to provide a pump which can efficiently raise a fluid from one level to another or transfer a fluid from one side to another, through a member integral with, or secured directly to, the rotating hub or rotor of the pump.

Other objects will appear from time to time throughout the specification and claims.

The invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure l is a plan view showing some parts in dotted line.

Figure 2 is a section along line 2 2 of Figure l, with the pump being in the position of Figure 3.

Figure 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2 with parts broken away, showing the pump in a position of its rotation different from that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section similar to Figure 3, showing the pump in a third rotational position.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of the outlet portion of my invention.

Figure 6 is a plan view of a plate which partially seals the housing of the pump.

I designates generally a vane-carrying rotor head or rotor hub which is secured to and preferably integrally formed with a hollow rotating shaft 2, as shown in Figures 2 and 5; the parts I and 2 forming together a rotor. The hub I is conveniently formed of two sections 3 and 4, there being between such two sections a channel 5, the depth of which is equal to the thickness of the hub at its circumference, with the result that the -outer edges of vanes 6 and l extend the full distance from the top to the bottom of the hub I, as shown most clearly in Figure 2. The purpose of the channel l is two-fold: to enable the vanes to shift as required, and to provide a space for the passage of oil through the hub. The hub l is characterized by an orice 8 passing through the hub along or substantially along its axis of rotation. Such orifice consists of a portion of the channel 5, and also of the grooves 9 provided one in each hub section 3 and i to increase the area available for the passage of the fluid.

It would probably be equally practicable to use instead or the form disclosed and discussed so far in the specification, a form of rotor in which the portion carrying the vanes was of the same diameter as the rest of the rotor. I find the form disclosed herein more convenient, however, because that portion of the rotor head I which extends outwardly beyond the rotor shaft and nts snugly against opposing surfaces of the housing I0 provides a very convenient and eiTec tive means of preventing leakage of the fluid.

The hub I and vanes and l are housed in a housing Il), which may consist of a suitablydimensioned recess in part of an engine block. Such a housing might also comprise a pre-assembled unit or capsule, secured adjacent or tted into an opening in an engine block. The housing has a fluid inlet, as at II, to accommodate iiuid from an intake passage i2. lt has a tubular opening at I3 formed to receive the rotor shaft 2, which, as is hereinafter more fully set forth, serves both as a member to rotate the rotor hub I and as a fluid outlet tube; and has an enlarged hollow portion I3(a) for the accommodation of the rotor head I. Thus an overall pump chamber is dened by the hollow portions or openings I3 and |301).

The shaft 2 enters the housing I0 at such a point, as illustrated in Figure 2, and the hub l is so positioned in the housing, as shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, that the hub I rotates about a center which is eccentric relative to the circumferential inner wall of the housing IB. The lower surface Ii and upper surface I5 of the hub I t snugly against the opposing hat surfaces of the housing lil. A spring i6, shown most clearly in Figure 2, positioned between the two vanes @i and l, urges the vanes outwardly at all times. As a result, the upper, lower, and outer edges of each vane nt snugly at all times against the top and bottom surfaces and sides, respectively, of the interior of the housing.

Fluid intake passage l2 introduces oil or other fluid into the housing IG at a point il where the distance between the circumference or" the hub I and the inner wall of the housing is rela tively great, as shown in Figures l, 3 and e. The purpose of such positioning of the fluid inlet will become apparent later in the specification.

The housing Ill is partially sealed by a plate IS. shown in plan View in Figure 6 and in partial plan View in Figures 3 and 4, this plate constituting an end wall closure. This plate possesses apertures I9 for screws, a hole, designated as da, which is positioned directly below, and thus constitutes a part of, the hub orifice t; a fluid escape port 20; and an inlet 2| through which fluid intake I 2 passes as it flows to the housing. When the plate I8 is in position against the housing, the fluid escape port 2t is positioned at a point where the distance between the circumference of the hub I and the inner wall of the housing is relatively small, as shown in Figures l, 2, 3 and 4, to aiford an outlet for oil which is introduced through the inlet passage I2 and subsequently put under pressure.

The fluid escape port 2E? and the opening 8a, must be made to communicate, and this could easily be done by providing the plate I8 with an integral passage, or with a tube connecting these openings and providing a return for the fluid. We prefer, however, a second plate 22, shown in section in Figure 2 and in plan View in Figure 1, fitting snugly against plate I8 as shown in Figure 2. This plate has a hole 23 through which the uid inlet passage I2 passes, but no other apertures through which oil may pass, only apertures, not shown, to accommodate the screws 24 which secure both plates snugly against each other and against the housing. The plate 22, however, provides a passage for the iiuid under pressure, by means of an indented portion or channel 25. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, channel 25 extends from a point under fluid escape port 20 to a point under the center of the hub I. This channel 25 thus communicates with the channel 5 and orice 8 of the hub I through the opening 8o, in plate I8, which opening comprises an outlet passage from channel 25 for the oil under pressure. A continuous passage for this oil, after it passes through plate I8 and hub orifice ila, is formed by the hollow rotating shaft 2, its hollow center 28 ending in an oil outlet 21. A constriction 28 in the hollow center 2S puts the oil under additional pressure` As shown in Figures 2 and 5, a gear 2S, by means of which the pump is driven, is secured in place by a washer 3 and a nut 3| which is in threaded engagement with the outer end of the shaft 2.

In operation, the rotation of the hub i and of the vanes 8 and 'I sucks oil into the housing I0 through the inlet passage I2. The various positions of the vanes during the rotation of the hub I are illustrated in Figures 1, 3 and 4. From these figures it will be seen that the vanes 6 and 'I are at all times pressed outwardly by the spring IS in such a way that the outer edges of the vanes are in constant iiuid-tight pressure against the inner walls of the housing. Also it will be seen that as the eccentric mounting of the hub causes the vanes and spring to shift in the channel 5, there is always a passage through the hub since the spring keeps the two vanes apart in the channel. The location of the space between the vanes 6 and 'I varies little as the hub rotates, and the orifice 8 is never completely blocked. As the hub, and with it the vanes, rotate, oil picked up through the inlet at I'I is put under increasing pressure as the vane continues its rotation and thus pushes the oil which is ahead of it toward the constriction which is effected by the eccentric position of the hub I, as a result of which the hub I is much closer to the inner wall of the housing at the point X than at the inlet point I'I where the oil is picked up. As a result of this pressure, which increases as the vane Il rotates toward they constriction, the oil escapes readily through iiuid escape port 20. From this point it travels through channel 25 in the plate 22, thence through 'theopening 8a in plate I8, and through the orice 8 and channel 5 of the hub l. From the orice 8 it passes on into the hollow center 26 of the rotating shaft 2. It will be noted that although the positions of the two vanes vary during the rotation of the hub, insofar as their respective extensions from the hub are concerned, nevertheless, because of the spring II'B, the actual position of this space changes very little. A space is always left between the two inner ends of the said vanes, and is further provided by the enlargements 9. The orice 8 is thus at all times at least partially open for the passage therethrough of oil.

The oil passing upwardly through the hollow center 26 comes under increased pressure at the constriction 28, and leaves the rotating shaft 2 at 21 under such increased pressure.

It will be realized that whereas we have described and claimed a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of our invention. We therefore wish our descriptions and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting us to our precise showing herein. For example, the pump herein described and claimed, although advantageously useable as a lubricating pump for internal combustion engines, may be applied to other uses or situations where a lubricant or other liquid is to be moved or delivered.

We claim:

1. In a hydraulic pump, a housing portion defining a pump chamber having a uid inlet, a r0- tor having a portion positioned in said chamber and a longitudinal delivery passage extending axially through the rotor to a delivery point remote from the chamber which constitutes a .fluid outlet, the rotor being rotatable about an axis eccentric to the axis of the chamber and having a lateral channel in communication with the delivery passage, vanes slidable in the lateral channel, means for normally urging each of the vanes outwardly against the inner surface of the chamber, the space between the vanes defining an arcuate luid passage with the housing, and a removable end wall closure for the chamber having a channel in communication with the arcuate uid passage and in communication with the delivery passage so that fluid flowing through the arcuate fluid passage from the fluid inlet iiows through the channel in the end wall closure, through the delivery passage, to the delivery point remote from the chamber.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein the chamber has a circumferential wall.

3. The structure of claim 1 wherein the vanes in the lateral channel are diametrically opposed.

4. The structure of claim 1 wherein the portion of the rotor positioned in the chamber is greater in diameter than the remainder of the rotor.

5. The structure of claim 1 wherein the fluid inlet to the chamber is at a point where the spacing between the rotor and the chamber is relatively large.

6. The structure of claim 1 wherein at least two vanes are disposed in the lateral channel in the rotor.

7. The structure of claim 1 wherein the channel in the removable end wall closure is laterally disposed with respect to the rotor.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 129,299 Shotwell July 16, 1872 238,834 Benson Mar. 15, 1881 1,470,030 Rolaff Oct. 9, 1923 1,482,807 Newberg Feb. 5, 1924 1,635,522 Wilson July 12, 1927 1,971,601 Dilg Aug. 28, 1934 2,015,307 Hand Sept. 24, 1935 2,274,836 Koster Mar. 3, 1942 2,514,521 Shaft July 11, 1950 

